Class 12 ISC- Java
Class 12th Java aims to empower students by enabling them to build their own applications introducing some effective tools to enable them to enhance their knowledge, broaden horizons, foster creativity, improve the quality of work and increase efficiency.
It also develops logical and analytical thinking so that they can easily solve interactive programs. Students learn fundamental concepts of computing using object oriented approach in one computer language with a clear idea of ethical issues involved in the field of computing
Class 12th java topics includes revision of class 11th, constructors, user-defined methods, objects and classes, library classes , etc.
Logic Gates
It is an electronic circuit which operates on one or marl signals to produce an output signal it is classified as follows.
Types Of Logic Gates
Basic Logic Gates: AND, OR , NOT
Universal Gates: NAND, NOR
Advanced Gates : XNOR, XOR
NOT Gate: It has only one input and output signal it's output is always opposite to the input i.e. it inverse the input (0 to 1 and 1 to 0)
AND Gate: It has two or more input signals and produce one output signal when all the input are (1) then output is (1) otherwise (0).
OR Gate: It has two or more input signals and produce one output signal when any of the input are (1) then output is (1) otherwise (0).
NAND Gate: It has two or more input signals and produce one output signal. It inverts the result of AND Gate.
NOR Gate: It has two or more input signals and produce one output signal. It inverts the result of OR Gate.
XOR (Exclusive OR) Gate: It has two or more input signals and one output signal. It is
the combination of AND, OR & NOT gate. It gives output (1) if odd
no. of input is (1) otherwise 0.
Truth Table for 3 variables :
XNOR (Exclusive NOR) Gate: It is logically equivalent to inverted XOR if odd no. of inputs are 1 then its output will be O otherwise the output will be 1. It basically inverts the output of XOR gate.
Truth Table for 3 variables :
Universal Gates
NAND and NOR are called as universal gate because all types of other gate (AND, OR, NOT) and logic circuit diagram can be foamed with the help of NAND and NOR. It is less expensive than AND, OR and NOT gates.
Conversions of other gates with the help of NAND Gate
NOT Gate:
AND Gate:
OR Gate:
NOR Gate:
Conversions of other gates with the help of NOR Gate
NOT Gate:
AND Gate:
OR Gate:
NAND Gate:
